Phthalates

Phthalates are confirmed endocrine disruptors (EU ED List I) used as plasticisers and fragrance solvents. Several are banned or restricted in the EU.

What is it?

Phthalates are a group of chemicals used to make plastics flexible and as solvents in fragrances. Key types include DEHP, DBP, and DEP. DEHP and DBP are classified as reproductive toxicants (Category 1B) in the EU and are confirmed endocrine disruptors. DEP (diethyl phthalate) is still widely used in fragrances.

Where is it found?

Fragranced products (hidden under ‘parfum’), nail polish, hair spray, PVC packaging, vinyl flooring, children’s toys (now restricted), and food packaging. DEP is the most common phthalate in personal care products.

EU regulation

DEHP, DBP, and BBP are banned in cosmetics and restricted in toys and childcare articles in the EU. DEP is still permitted in cosmetics with no specific limit. Several phthalates are on the REACH SVHC candidate list and on ED List I as confirmed endocrine disruptors. The EU is considering a group restriction on all phthalates.

Should you worry?

The most harmful phthalates (DEHP, DBP) are already banned in EU cosmetics. However, DEP remains common in fragrances and is absorbed through the skin. Studies link phthalate exposure to reduced fertility, developmental effects in children, and metabolic disorders. To reduce exposure, choose fragrance-free products and check for ‘phthalate-free’ claims.