Bisphenol A (BPA)

BPA is a confirmed endocrine disruptor (EU ED List I) used in plastics and epoxy resins. The EU has progressively tightened restrictions, banning it in baby bottles and thermal paper.

What is it?

Bisphenol A is an industrial chemical used to make polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. It mimics oestrogen in the body and is classified as an endocrine disruptor. It can leach from containers into food, drinks, and through skin contact with thermal receipts.

Where is it found?

Plastic food containers, water bottles, can linings, thermal receipt paper, dental sealants, and some cosmetic packaging. It’s not typically an ingredient in cosmetics but can migrate from packaging.

EU regulation

Banned in baby bottles (2011), restricted in thermal paper to 0.02% (2020), banned in food contact materials (EFSA drastically lowered the tolerable daily intake in 2023). The EU classifies BPA as a substance of very high concern (SVHC) under REACH. It is on ED List I as a confirmed endocrine disruptor.

Should you worry?

Yes, particularly for pregnant women and young children. BPA is linked to hormonal disruption, reproductive issues, and metabolic effects. Opt for BPA-free products, avoid heating plastic containers, and minimise handling of thermal receipts. Be aware that some BPA substitutes (BPS, BPF) may carry similar risks.